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         The History and The Culture of Chess



 


        Carlos Torre  Repetto

         

I came across this translation on a Spanish-language chess site. I am publishing it as I found it.


By Carlos Torre Repetto

version of Alexander Baéz
translated by Kenneth Frey

In the first place, we understand clearly and we accept the fact that the chess is first of all a game, but a game that demands of the serious enthusiastic chess player a good part of its energy. The chess, like game based on our judgment and our capacity of reasoning, does not only consist of a certain complex of procedures and technical principles, but that the chess game this influído, in an extraordinarily important degree, by our psychological attitudes, our sensitivity and our will. In other words, we can examine the process of the development of our chess ability not only like the fact to perfect our individual technique simply, but also like something of psychological nature, that is to say, like the problem of the evolution of our chess essence.
This bifurcation begins at the same moment in which we are arranged to acquire a deeper knowledge of the chess and, with this intention, we undertake the task of studying a manual of chess. Once we are familiarized with the general rules of the game, as well as with its terminology, with its history and others, immediately we put ourselves with the great seriousness to study a series of analyzed games, each one of which doubtlessly has a great intrinsic value that turns it an excellent example for the student or the principante. Certainly we cannot deny that the hundreds of variations that we can find to find through the pages of a chess book, are extremely valuable as much from the theoretical point of view like practitioner and, nevertheless, the nascent one did not have to be put under its fascination completely. Let us remember that neither the acquisition of the necessary ability for the successful handling of the opening, nor the learning of a series of principles by means of which we oriented ourselves through the end of game, our a harmonic conscience progress of and idea can be considered like all, nothing means or, in the best one of the cases, it means very little. Of course, it is very significant that a player is very skilful in the openings or the end, or, we say, that is very capable to operate the smaller errors of their opponents, or who are able to conceive very complicated combinations. All these individual qualities are, exceeds to say it, very valuable and inalienable, but nothing else. The true development begins when we can play each individual game with firmness, that is to say, also well and with equal force in each one of the phases. For us isolated methods do not have to exist to separately play each phase and in agreement with our necessities. A chess game is and must be considered like a species of harmonic set or a unit that is equally important in each one of its phases. When we have only reached such balance, we can say that we played chess. Before this connection our attitude towards chess books must be of respect, but also of precaution,  precaution in the sense that we do not have to be hypnotized, so to speak, by all the wealth found in those books. The books do not have to dominate to us; we are those that we must learn to dominate them and for this intention we must demarcate a clear limit between the mechanical memory and the creative imagination. The memory does not have more to be than a simple aid to develop our inner creative forces. Once we have become familiar with the styles and the methods of game of the great teachers, we cannot and we do not have to try to imitate blinds irreflexiblemente them and; we cannot for the simple reason that never we will be able to revivir in each case separate the psychic process that originated a certain style of game and we do not have because, of another way, the chess would become of a true game to a disagreeable and useless feat of our memory.
Let us examine now how one assumes that we must play so that our ability can be developed and improve incessantly. If we prevail the firm determination to always try to play better than the last time, to try to handle the openings more accurately, to lead the average game with greater conscience and the end with more logic and seriousness, if we really deliver an attack to conceive any reasonable combination with more sharpness and better tactical exactitude, then we will ascend more without a doubt and plus the difficult steps of the masters.
He is essential to develop in us the habit to find our errors, to analyze them and to seriously deal with not returning them to repeat. We must find each hollow to fill up it and to construct a mountain on him. The amount of serious effort which we do in each case, will gradually produce one better quality of our game and this quality will later prove to be an important factor in the formation of our chess I.
It is important to notice that the formation of the style of a player tends to evolve through the following ascending stages:

The form or way.
The characteristic of our game.
The style.
The great style.

Once we have known for the first time the rules the chess and have begun to move the pieces on the board in different directions, during ours first games we will go, of course, estimating our way, by as I to say it, through an immense forest of ideas and variations. Somehow we will feel as if the course of the game was dictating its inexorable conditions to us and, therefore, often we will experience an analogous feeling to the one of a shipwreck in the middle of the ocean. Later it will happen that gradually we will become familiar with the geometry of the board, with the peculiarities and the relative value of each one of the pieces and thus we will begin to include/understand and to conceive some elementary combinations, to find the characteristics basic of the thread strategic that they hide certain maneuvers thus and, to include/understand the basic principles of the game. During this stage of our development, in each game we will continuously have in front of us certain amount of possible plans to choose and could incline to us to choose by which adjusts more to our individual tendencies, it always looking for to include/understand them thoroughly and playing consequently. Of so do we will acquire soon a certain way of game. Here the main paper will not belong to our chess erudition, nor to our memory, not even to our creative imagination; only to an instinctive sense of autoconservación that dictates to certain tactics and plans to us to follow. During this stage, we will still not have a rational chess mind, although already there will be a tendency towards her. Such type of tendency will be rather unconscious and for that reason extremely hard Thus, the acquisition of a certain way to play will take to the formation of our chess characteristic. The accumulated progress of our inner efforts along with our technical ability and theoretical knowledge, will gradually give the possibility of handling each game, from first to last the movements, in a more personal way and more moved away of norms that differ from the own personality. This way we will only be on guard to construct ours chess eye and to find the long way of the chess creativity.

 

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